移动应用
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Android 工程实践
本文讲述 React Native 工程化，Android 工程需要做的准备工作。
本文包括以下内容
- 生成签名密钥
- 混淆配置
生成签名密钥
使用 Android Studio 打开我们的 Android 项目，并生成密钥和密钥库open in new window
- 在菜单栏中，点击 Build > Build > Generate Signed Bundle/APK
- 在 Generate Signed Bundle or APK 对话框中，选择 APK，然后点击 Next
- 在 Key store path 字段下面，点击 Create new
- 在 New Key Store 窗口上，为您的密钥库和密钥提供以下信息，如图
Key store path 选择 android/keystores/release
生成的密钥请务必备份，且妥善保管，一般情况下，为了安全，不宜放在项目文件夹内，不宜加入到版本控制系统，这是另外一个问题，本文不作展开。
填写完表单后，请点击 OK。
- 在 Generate Signed Bundle or APK 对话框中，点击 Cancel
- 配置签名文件
android { signingConfigs { config { keyAlias 'MyApp' keyPassword '123456' storeFile file('../keystores/release') storePassword '123456' } } buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled enableProguardInReleaseBuilds proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android.txt"), "proguard-rules.pro" signingConfig signingConfigs.config } debug { signingConfig signingConfigs.config } } }
组装 APK
- 设置应用 Application ID
修改 android/app/build.gradle 文件
设置 applicationId：
android { defaultConfig { applicationId System.getenv("APPLICATION_ID") ?: "com.xxxxxx.mayapp" } }
- 分离不同 CPU 架构的 APK
修改 android/app/build.gradle 文件
android { splits { abi { reset() enable true universalApk true // If true, also generate a universal APK include "arm64-v8a", "armeabi-v7a", "x86_64" } } }
- 移除生成 Version Code 的脚本，因为后续我们会通过 CI 变量来处理 version code。
修改 android/app/build.gradle 文件
- import com.android.build.OutputFile android{ defaultConfig { - versionCode 1 + versionCode ((System.getenv("VERSION_CODE") ?: '1').toInteger()) - versionName "1.0" + versionName (System.getenv("VERSION_NAME") ?: '1.0.0') } - // applicationVariants are e.g. debug, release - applicationVariants.all { variant -> - variant.outputs.each { output -> - // For each separate APK per architecture, set a unique version code as described here: - // http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system/user-guide/apk-splits - def versionCodes = ["armeabi-v7a": 1, "x86": 2, "arm64-v8a": 3, "x86_64": 4] - def abi = output.getFilter(OutputFile.ABI) - if (abi != null) { // null for the universal-debug, universal-release variants - output.versionCodeOverride = - versionCodes.get(abi) * 1048576 + defaultConfig.versionCode - } - } - } }
最终看起来的效果像这样
apply plugin: "com.android.application" project.ext.react = [ entryFile: "index.js" ] apply from: "../../node_modules/react-native/react.gradle" android { compileSdkVersion rootProject.ext.compileSdkVersion compileOptions { sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8 targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8 } defaultConfig { applicationId System.getenv("APPLICATION_ID") ?: "com.xxxxxx.mayapp" minSdkVersion rootProject.ext.minSdkVersion targetSdkVersion rootProject.ext.targetSdkVersion versionCode ((System.getenv("VERSION_CODE") ?: '1').toInteger()) versionName (System.getenv("VERSION_NAME") ?: '1.0.0') } splits { abi { reset() enable true universalApk true // If true, also generate a universal APK include "arm64-v8a", "armeabi-v7a", "x86_64" } } signingConfigs { config { keyAlias 'MyApp' keyPassword '123456' storeFile file('../keystores/release') storePassword '123456' } } buildTypes { release { // 打生产包时，混淆 java 代码 minifyEnabled true proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android.txt"), "proguard-rules.pro" signingConfig signingConfigs.config } debug { signingConfig signingConfigs.config } } flavorDimensions "default" productFlavors { qa { } production { } } } dependencies { implementation fileTree(dir: "libs", include: ["*.jar"]) implementation "com.facebook.react:react-native:+" // From node_modules implementation "androidx.swiperefreshlayout:swiperefreshlayout:1.0.0" // From node_modules } // Run this once to be able to run the application with BUCK // puts all compile dependencies into folder libs for BUCK to use task copyDownloadableDepsToLibs(type: Copy) { from configurations.compile into 'libs' }
- 添加混淆配置
打开 android/app/proguard-rules.pro 文件，添加如下混淆配置
-keep,allowobfuscation @interface com.facebook.proguard.annotations.DoNotStrip -keep,allowobfuscation @interface com.facebook.proguard.annotations.KeepGettersAndSetters # Do not strip any method/class that is annotated with @DoNotStrip -keep @com.facebook.proguard.annotations.DoNotStrip class * -keepclassmembers class * { @com.facebook.proguard.annotations.DoNotStrip *; } -keepclassmembers @com.facebook.proguard.annotations.KeepGettersAndSetters class * { void set*(***); *** get*(); } -keep class * extends com.facebook.react.bridge.JavaScriptModule { *; } -keep class * extends com.facebook.react.bridge.NativeModule { *; } -keepclassmembers,includedescriptorclasses class * { native <methods>; } -keepclassmembers class * { @com.facebook.react.uimanager.UIProp <fields>; } -keepclassmembers class * { @com.facebook.react.uimanager.annotations.ReactProp <methods>; } -keepclassmembers class * { @com.facebook.react.uimanager.annotations.ReactPropGroup <methods>; } -dontwarn com.facebook.react.** -keep class android.text {* ;} -dontwarn android.text.* -keep class com.facebook.react.bridge.CatalystInstanceImpl { *; } -keep class com.facebook.react.bridge.JavaScriptExecutor { *; } -keep class com.facebook.react.bridge.queue.NativeRunnable { *; } -keep class com.facebook.react.bridge.ReadableType { *; } # okhttp -keepattributes Signature -keepattributes *Annotation* -keep class com.squareup.okhttp.** { *; } -keep interface com.squareup.okhttp.** { *; } -dontwarn com.squareup.okhttp.** # okio -keep class sun.misc.Unsafe { *; } -dontwarn java.nio.file.* -dontwarn org.codehaus.mojo.animal_sniffer.IgnoreJRERequirement -dontwarn okio.** # stetho -dontwarn com.facebook.stetho.** # sentry -keepattributes LineNumberTable,SourceFile -dontwarn org.slf4j.** -dontwarn javax.** -keep class io.sentry.event.Event { *; }
- 尝试构建
cd 到 android 文件夹，执行如下命令，尝试构建 production 环境的包
cd android ./gradlew assembleProductionRelease
构建成功后，可以在 anroid/app/build/outputs/apk/production/release 下，看到两个 APK 包，一个可以安装在真机上，一个可以安装在模拟器上。
使用 adb install 命令安装即可
